Behavioral Neuroscience Summers

Electric Fish and JAR Behavior Afferent Path of Electroreception Control of Electric Organ Discharge Efferent Output producing EOD Jamming Avoidance Response

Glutamate GABA Acetylcholine Electric Fish Figures Electric Fish Circuitry Acronyms/Abbreviations    end

Jamming
V. Control of EOD ouput Frequency 	

	A. nucleus Electrosensorius (nE) located in diencephalon
	
	
		1. nE contains a simple ‘motor map'
		
			a. stimulation of specific regions 
			
			b. produce slow increases (nEá) or decreases (nEâ)
			    in the frequency of output
	
		
		2. receives afferent signals from the TS
		
		
			a. three pathways
			
			
				i. dTS à dnE = nEb
				
				
				ii. inferior dTS à nEá
				
				
				iii. vTS nEà nEAR or nEâ
		
		
		3. beat region
		
			a. electrosensory feedback
			
				i. NP + EGp
			
			
			b. beat modulations
			
				i. when 2 EOD signals interfere
				
				ii. not necessary for JAR
				
			c. aids recognition of conspecific EODs
	
		
		2. inferior dorsal region of nE = nEá
		
			a. causes increase in EOD frequency
			
				i. via higher order sign-selective cells
				
				ii. positive Frequency Discharge
			
			b. projects to PPnG
			
				i. Glu
	
		3. acusticolateralis region (nEAR) = nEâ
		
			a. processes mechanosensory + low frequency 
			   ampullary (P) electrosensory information
			
			b. generates decreased frequency in EOD
			
				i. opposing higher order sign-selective cells
				
				ii. negative Frequency Discharge
			
			c. projects to SPPn
			
				i. GABA output
				
			
	B. Prepacemaker Nuclei 
	
		1. Central Posterior/Prepacemaker nucleus (CP/PPn)
		   in diencephalon
		
			a. excitation from positive Frequency Discharge cells
			   in nEá
			
				i. PPnG - gradual
				
				ii. PPnC - chirp
			
			b. Glutamate input
			
				i. AMPA/NMDA
				
			c. ñPPnG activity àñEOD
			
				i. project to pacemaker nucleus (Pn)
				
					(1) Pn pacemaker cells
				
				ii. Glu output
			
		2. Sublemniscal prepacemaker (SPPn) in midbrain 
	
			a. inhibition from negative Frequency Discharge cells in nEâ
	
			b. GABA input
			
				i. GABAA-R
			
			c. òSPPn activity àòEOD
			
				i. project to Pn relay cells
			
				i. Glu output